Radar jamming refers to a military technique that makes radars not work properly. It is an effective way to combat threats that require precise detection and targeting of targets such as aircraft and other hostile vehicle.
The term "radar jamming" refers to a broad spectrum of techniques used by enemies to disrupt radar signals from being received by an enemy. This is usually done by transmitting or receiving the enemy's signal and/or distortion it in some other way.
There are many types of radar jamming. The former is a more powerful and less accurate way of blocking radar signals. It is easier to use, as it can be controlled remotely and does not affect radar operation.
Although it can block radar signals, inactive jamming may also be used. However, it isn't as effective and can prove difficult to operate. It consists of using noises that resemble radar frequencies.
It can be challenging to design an active radar blocker that works on any weapon or vehicle. Because the device is large and heavy, they must be attached at least to one vehicle or aircraft. This reduces its effectiveness.
Another issue is the large frequency range that radars can operate. This means that a single jammer cannot concentrate its power on a narrow band, unless it uses the so-called spot jamming technique.
Barrage jamming can be described as a similar technique. However, it uses a larger frequency range to cover multiple radars. Although this is more complicated than spot-jamming, it can be used as long as the radar operates on a single frequency.
A type of ECM called support ECM is an ECM that is radiated to other platforms in order to protect them. This can come in the form either of a SOJ (stand-off jamming) system that orbits far from radars, or an SIJ (stand-in jamming) system that orbits near to radars.
Electronic Jamming
There are two main types electronic jamming methods: repeater jamming or noise jamming. The first involves changing the signal of the enemy and reradiating it. The second is creating false targets by sending additional signals through the radar receiver.
The "jamming to signals ratio" of a jammer, often denoted by J/S, determines its effectiveness. This is a mathematical calculation that depends on the specific jamming technique, the radar type being used against, and the target vehicle's radar cross-section.
Some jammers will produce a fake signal that does not match the return signal of a target car, but at the exact frequency and pulse-repetition rates as the target. The jammer then confuses the radar gun, and the speed is displayed inaccurately.
Modern, high-tech radars have sophisticated signal processing systems and electronic counter-measures (ECM), so this type of jamming is not effective. Many radars come with anti-jamming technology that ignores jamming.